The paper is focused on studying self-consciousness of Russian poetry and its speciёc relations to Russian history. The theme choice is determined by celebrating the Year of Literature in Russia and a whole series of anniversaries of the classical poets. To study the correlation between poetic worldview and historic reality of 18th-20th centuries the author used a kind of “litmus historic scale”, based on the concepts of not well-known today Russian scientist, ethnographer, of Valentin A. Moshkov.