Isotopic and elemental analysis data for the reconstruction of the mobility of the Bronze Age steppe societies

pastoralists скотоводы isotopic analysis изотопный анализ landscape characteristics ландшафтные характеристики climatic characteristics климатические характеристики Bronze Age бронзовый век steppe societies степные сообщества степи buried mounds курганы захоронения animals животные sedentary populations оседлое население pastoralism скотоводство nomads кочевники strontium isotopes изотопы стронция steppes стронций

Cephalometric variation among the Turkmen of southern Russia, Anthropometry and secular trends in Saratov (Russia), ...

96 Section HUMANS and ENVIRONMENT ISOTOPIC AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS DATA FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE MOBILITY OF THE BRONZE AGE STEPPE SOCIETIES Dobrovolskaya Maria Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Study of the lifestyle of the most ancient of pastoralists from skeletal evidence is the important direction in anthropology. <...> The stable isotope ratio 13/12C and 15/13N of bone tissue collagen of humans and animals is used to determine the main components of everyday diet. 87/86Sr (strontium) in biological objects refl ects the local geological rocks and is used to identify indigenous and immigrant individuals. <...> Values of the standard deviations for isotopic parameters for the twelve groups of buried mounds from the Northern Caucasus area were calculated. <...> Minimum values were determined for a group of sedentary population of the Early Bronze Age burials of Velikent (0.23). <...> Thus, the statistical analysis suggests that during the arid periods the population could take over large areas. <...> Obviously, in the more arid pastures biological productivity was low, and pastoralism provoked large-scale seasonal migrations. <...> So isotopic indicators show regions of considerable stability in seasonal nomadic populations associated with the culture of the Early - Early Middle Bronze Age, as well as the signifi cant impact of climate change on the expansion of pastureland. <...> Key words: Bronze Age, South Russia steppes, mobile population, paleodiets, stable isotopes, strontium isotopes Contact information: Dobrovolskaya Maria, e-mail: mk_pa@mail.ru. <...> RUSSIAN FEDERATION POPULATION DECLINE Grigulevich Nadezda Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia In demographic processes whose principal characteristics are birthrate decrease and mortality growth, sharp shifts have been noted in the Russian Federation starting from the 1990’s. <...> A special and a very serious problem is a middleaged men mortality that is 7–8 times higher, than in the developed countries. <...> The present study considers some social-economic and ecological processes, which promoted the growth of negative indicators in the population dynamics. <...> We compared the mortality and decline of the population in different regions of Russia and showed that there is a correlation between alcohol mortality and decrease of population. <...> The mortality is a real indicator of the socio-economic and demographic situation for this or that region of Russia and it should <...>

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