Modern tendencies in the phenotype changes of high-qualified athletes

спортивная медицина phenotype changes изменения фенотипов фенотипы спортсмены athletes somatotype characteristics anthropological characteristics asthenization of body structure phenotypes juvenilization of body structure антропологические характеристики body structure телосложение high-qualified athletes

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Section APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY THE EFFECT OF COURSES IN WEIGHT REDUCTION TO THE SELECTED SOMATIC CHARACTERISTICS Sofkovб Tereza, Přidalovб Miroslava Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palackэ University Olomouc, Czech Republic Accelerated pace of life and consumerism leads to increase in obesity. <...> Key element in programs to reduce overweight and obesity is the regular physical activity (PA) by means of healthy lifestyle. <...> The aim of our work was to analyse the effect of courses in weight reduction to the selected body composition (BC) parameters in the obese and overweight women with various age and the level of PA. 124 women with existing sedentary lifestyle, which were differentiated by age (< 40 years: and 40 years) participated in the study. <...> Based on the monitoring of the PA and BC health risk indicators, the effect of the exercise program, which included cognitive behavioural therapy, showed decline in the body mass index (BMI) and body fat expressed in percentages (PBF) and in the decrease of the visceral fat area (VFA). <...> Following the three months therapy we observed in women with a higher level of PA shift to the overweight group. <...> Research studies have shown positive relationship between the increase in PA and changes in health risk indicators. <...> Key words: body composition health risk indicators, obesity, walking, healthy lifestyle, weight loss program Contact information: Sofkovб Tereza, e-mail: tereza.sofkova@email.cz, Přidalovб Miroslava, e-mail: miroslava.pridalova@upol.cz. <...> MODERN TENDENCIES IN THE PHENOTYPE CHANGES OF HIGH-QUALIFIED ATHLETES Timakova Tatiana Federal Scientifi c Centre of Physical Culture and Sport, Moscow, Russia Existing range of phenotypic diversity is considered as a result of human adaptation to complex civilization processes (V.A. Geodakjan etc.). <...> Dynamics of modern population shifts is characterized with such trends as asthenization and juvenilization of body structure by increasing the duration of the growth processes and biological maturation. <...> Our long-term cohort study of highly qualifi ed swimmers showed signifi cant differences between the winners in their age groups and elite athletes (T.S.Timakova). <...> Comparative analysis between young athletes and elite swimmers showed that body structure of the elite swimmers has a trend to greater leptosomy, as well <...>

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