Between Andes and Amazon

genetics генетика Arawak-speaking Yanesha Peruvian populations gene pools генофонды гены Arawak languages аравакские языки Yanesha genes Y-chromosomes Y-хромосомы sex biased contacts chromosomes хромосомы demography демография DNA ДНК дезоксирибонуклеиновая кислота антропогенетика

Results of an integrative analysis of metric and nonmetric traits in crania from the medieval cemetry at Mamisondon, Northern Caucasus, Geographic variation of the human gene pool, ...

114 Section MOLECULAR ANTHROPOLOGY – NEW ADVANCES BETWEEN ANDES AND AMAZON: GENETIC TRACES OF SEX BIASED SERIAL CONTACT IN THE ARAWAK-SPEAKING YANESHA Barbieri Chiara1 Ciani Graziella1 3 , Heggarty Paul2 , Boattini Alessio1 , Yang Yao Daniele1 , Luiselli Donata1 , Ferri Gianmarco3 , Pettener Davide1 , De Fanti Sara1 , 1Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 2Department of Linguistics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany Dipartimento di Medicina Diagnostica, Clinica e di Sanitа Pubblica, Universitа degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy The Yanesha are a Peruvian population who inhabit a transitional area between the Andes and Amazonia; their intermediate position may have favored contact fl ows both in their gene pool and in their cultural characteristics. <...> In particular, the language they speak belongs to the Arawak language family, which suggests an Amazonian origin. <...> However, a strong infl uence by Quechua, the most widespread language family of the Andes, makes for a more complex demographic past. <...> The Yanesha are investigated here as a case study of language and population dynamics across the Andes-Amazonia divide, with 214 individuals genotyped for both Y chromosome (17 STRs and 16 SNPs diagnostic for assigning haplogroups) and mtDNA data (control region sequences and 4 SNPs diagnostic for assigning haplogroups). <...> We uncover sex-biased genetic trends that probably arose in different stages: fi rst, a male-biased gene fl ow from Andean regions, genetically consistent with highland Quechua-speakers and probably dating back to Inca expansion; and second, traces of European contact consistent with Y chromosome lineages from Italy and Tyrol, in line with recent migrations. <...> Most research in the history, archaeology and linguistics of South America has long been characterized by perceptions of a sharp divide between the Andes and Amazonia. <...> Our results serve as a clear case-study confi rming demographic fl ows across that ‘divide’. <...> Key words: Yanesha, mtDNA, Y chromosome, South America, language Contact information: Pettener Davide, e-mail: davide.pettener@unibo.it. <...> Series 23 ANTHROPOLOGIYA — 3/2014 19th Lomonosov MSU, Moscow, Russia, 25th <...>

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